Need-based scholarships are awarded primarily based on a student's financial situation rather than academic or extracurricular achievements. Here are the key criteria that typically determine eligibility: 

• Financial Need

The most crucial factor. Institutions assess financial need using forms like the FAFSA (Free Application for Federal Student Aid) or the CSS Profile, which evaluate family income, assets, and other financial factors.

• Expected Family Contribution (EFC)

A lower EFC means higher demonstrated financial need, increasing eligibility for need-based aid. 

• Enrollment Status

Most scholarships require students to be enrolled at least half-time in an accredited institution. 

• Academic Standing

While financial need is the primary criterion, maintaining satisfactory academic progress (such as a minimum GPA) is often required. 

• Citizenship

Many need-based scholarships are available only to U.S. citizens or eligible non-citizens, though some private scholarships may have different requirements. 

• Special Circumstances

Factors like family size, number of siblings in college, and unique financial situations can also impact eligibility.